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XIRR Calculator

Finance & Investment

Calculate XIRR for your mutual fund SIP, lumpsum, or portfolio with irregular cash flows. Get the true annualised return on any investment in seconds.

Reviewed by the thecalcu.com team · Last updated July 29, 2026

Cash Flow Entries

Enter each transaction — investments as outflows, redemptions and current portfolio value as inflows.

Date
Amount (₹)
Type

4 entries

XIRR (Annualised Return)

0.00%
Total Invested
$0
Current Value
$0
Total Gains
$0
Absolute Return
0.00%

What is a XIRR?

The XIRR Calculator computes the Extended Internal Rate of Return, the true annualized return on an investment where money goes in and comes out at different times and in different amounts. Anyone contributing regularly to a brokerage account, a 401(k), or an IRA needs this metric because a simple percentage gain, or even CAGR, can't account for the timing of individual contributions. $500 invested monthly for three years is not the same as $18,000 invested as a single lump sum on day one, and XIRR is the metric that captures that difference precisely.

XIRR is the rate r at which the net present value of all your cash flows equals zero. Every contribution is a negative cash flow, every withdrawal or the current account value is positive, and the exact date of each one matters. There's no algebraic shortcut to solve for r, it takes an iterative numerical method, which is exactly why having a calculator that runs that math instantly, rather than building a spreadsheet from scratch, saves real time.

For most long-term investors, XIRR matters because wealth gets built through regular contributions, not one lump sum. A $500 monthly contribution to an index fund over ten years involves 120 separate transactions on 120 different dates, the earliest ones have compounded for a decade, the most recent barely started. Rolling all of that into one honest return figure, comparable to a savings account APY or an index benchmark, is exactly what XIRR does. It's also the methodology behind the "personal rate of return" or "money-weighted return" many brokerages and 401(k) platforms already show you.

XIRR also handles a specific real-world wrinkle well: a lump-sum contribution made during a market dip, layered on top of an ongoing recurring investment. If you added $10,000 in March 2020 when markets fell sharply, while your regular contributions continued uninterrupted, a simple average-return calculation won't capture the outsized benefit of that timing, XIRR does. If your original plan assumed 10% annual growth but your actual five-year XIRR comes out to 6%, that gap is real underperformance worth investigating, not rounding error.

How to use this XIRR calculator

  1. Enter the Date of your first transaction, click the date field in the first row and select the date of your first contribution. For a recurring investment, that's the date of your very first deposit.

  2. Enter the Amount, type the contribution amount into the Amount field. Always use a positive number, whether the transaction is a contribution or a withdrawal.

  3. Set the Type to "Investment", the Type dropdown should read "Investment" for every outflow, money leaving your bank account to go into the fund or account.

  4. Click "+ Add Transaction" for each subsequent contribution, add a row for every deposit, whether that's a monthly contribution, an annual lump sum, or an employer match. For a monthly plan, expect one row per month.

  5. Add a final row for the current account value, in the last row, enter today's date, your current account balance, and set Type to "Return / Value." If you've made any withdrawals along the way, add those as separate "Return / Value" rows with their actual dates and amounts.

  6. Read the results panel, XIRR is shown prominently. Compare it against a benchmark you care about, an S&P 500 index fund's historical return, or a savings account APY, and check Total Gains and Absolute Return for the full picture.

Why Use a XIRR Calculator?

Calculating XIRR by hand isn't realistic, it requires an iterative numerical method, not a formula you can work out on paper. Even in a spreadsheet, setting up the XIRR function correctly with matched date and cash flow ranges takes time and is easy to get wrong. This calculator takes your entries and returns the answer instantly.

The most common use case is a portfolio performance check. Whenever you see a "personal rate of return" figure on a brokerage or retirement account statement, it's typically computed with this same XIRR methodology. Entering your own transaction history here lets you verify that figure, or isolate the return for a specific sub-account or time period the platform doesn't break out separately.

The second big use case is deciding whether to sell. If you're weighing whether to move money out of a fund after several years of contributions, plugging in your actual contribution dates and amounts gives you your real annualized return, not the fund's headline return, which assumes a single lump-sum investor. A fund marketed with a 12% average annual return means little if your personal XIRR, based on when you actually bought in, is only 7%.

Finally, XIRR lets you compare accounts fairly. Want to know if your taxable brokerage account has outperformed what the same money would have earned in a high-yield savings account? Enter your actual contribution history and compare the resulting XIRR against the account's published APY over the same period.

Who Should Use This Calculator?

Investors making regular contributions to a brokerage account or IRA are the core audience. After each calendar year, entering every contribution date and amount alongside the current balance produces a true annualized return, far more meaningful than a simple percentage gain that ignores when the money actually went in.

Investors who added lump sums during market dips need XIRR to see the real impact of that timing. A one-time contribution during a downturn, layered on an ongoing monthly investment, creates an irregular cash flow pattern that a basic percentage return can't represent accurately. XIRR gives one honest number for the whole mixed history.

Self-directed investors tracking their own portfolios outside of a brokerage's built-in reporting will find this useful for cross-checking a platform's stated return or slicing performance by account, fund, or time window. The ROI Calculator is a useful companion for single-transaction gains where timing doesn't need to be modeled.

Anyone comparing a 401(k) or employer retirement plan against a taxable account can use XIRR to put both on the same footing, since contribution schedules and amounts rarely match between the two.

What Insights Does the XIRR Calculator Give You?

XIRR (Annualized Return) is the headline output, a single number representing the effective annual return on the entire investment history, weighted correctly by the timing and size of every transaction. A XIRR of 9% means your money has grown at the equivalent of 9% a year, compounded, regardless of exactly when each dollar went in. Use it to benchmark against index fund returns, savings account rates, or a target retirement growth rate.

Total Invested is the sum of every contribution, your actual cash outlay, and the baseline for understanding how much of your current balance represents growth versus principal.

Current Value is the sum of all inflows, which in a standard calculation is your account's current market value entered as the final transaction. Partial withdrawals along the way are counted here too.

Total Gains shows the absolute dollar profit: current value minus total invested. Seeing this in real dollars, not just a percentage, grounds the XIRR figure in what it actually means for your account.

Absolute Return expresses that same gain as a percentage of invested capital. A 35% absolute return over four years sounds solid, but corresponds to a XIRR of only about 7.8% a year, seeing both numbers side by side shows exactly why time-adjusting returns matters.

Formula & Methodology

XIRR finds the annualized rate r such that the net present value of all cash flows, discounted back to the first transaction date, equals zero.

XIRR formula:

Σ Cᵢ ÷ (1 + r)^(dᵢ − d₀) ÷ 365 = 0

Variable definitions:
- Cᵢ = cash flow at transaction i (negative for contributions, positive for withdrawals or current value)
- dᵢ = date of transaction i (in days since epoch)
- d₀ = date of the first transaction (the reference date)
- (dᵢ − d₀) ÷ 365 = time in years between d₀ and transaction i
- r = XIRR, the annualized rate being solved for

Solving method: Newton-Raphson iteration. Starting from an initial guess of r = 0.1 (10%), each iteration refines the estimate using:

r₍ₙ₊₁₎ = rₙ − f(rₙ) ÷ f′(rₙ)

Where f(r) is the NPV function and f′(r) is its derivative with respect to r. Iteration continues until the change in r between steps is less than 0.0000000001 (1 × 10⁻¹⁰), giving precision to many decimal places.

Worked example:

Suppose you contributed $10,000 to a brokerage account on three separate dates, and your current balance is $38,000 as of June 13, 2026:

| Date | Cash Flow |
|---|---|
| Jan 1, 2023 | −$10,000 |
| Jan 1, 2024 | −$10,000 |
| Jan 1, 2025 | −$10,000 |
| Jun 13, 2026 | +$38,000 |

- Total invested: $30,000
- Current value: $38,000
- Absolute return: ($8,000 ÷ $30,000) × 100 = 26.67%
- Investment period: approximately 3.45 years (Jan 1, 2023 to Jun 13, 2026)
- XIRR: ≈ 9.74% per year (solved iteratively)

A XIRR of 9.74% means the account grew at the equivalent of 9.74% a year, compounded, far more informative than the raw 26.67% absolute return. To model what a similar contribution pattern could grow into over another decade at a comparable rate, use the CAGR Calculator to project the compounded outcome, or the Compound Interest Calculator to model a single lump sum at a fixed rate for comparison.

Key assumptions:
- A year is defined as 365 days (no leap-year adjustment in the exponent)
- All cash flows use the exact calendar dates as entered
- Contributions (outflows) are treated as negative values internally; the UI converts "Investment" type entries to negative automatically
- The calculator tries several different initial guesses to avoid landing on a local minimum during Newton-Raphson convergence
- XIRR is undefined if all cash flows carry the same sign (all outflows or all inflows)

Frequently Asked Questions

XIRR (Extended Internal Rate of Return) is the annualized return on an investment where cash flows happen at irregular dates and in irregular amounts. A simple return just compares start and end value with no regard for timing. If you invest $500 a month into a brokerage account for three years, plus a $5,000 lump sum in month 18, XIRR is the only metric that correctly weights each contribution by exactly when it went in.
XIRR solves for the rate r that makes the net present value of every cash flow equal zero: Σ Cᵢ ÷ (1 + r)^((dᵢ − d₀) ÷ 365) = 0, where Cᵢ is each cash flow (negative for contributions, positive for withdrawals or current value), dᵢ is its date, and d₀ is the date of the first cash flow. There's no algebraic shortcut, the equation is solved iteratively, typically with the Newton-Raphson method, which is exactly what this calculator does behind the scenes.
CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) works cleanly for a single lump-sum investment with one clear start value, end value, and holding period. XIRR handles multiple cash flows on different dates, which is why it's the right tool for recurring contributions like a 401(k) or a dollar-cost-averaging brokerage account. For a true single lump sum, XIRR and CAGR give identical answers; for anything with more than one transaction, XIRR is the accurate one. Use the [CAGR Calculator](/cagr-calculator/) for lump-sum comparisons and this tool whenever contributions happen over time.
Absolute return is just the total percentage gain or loss, (Current Value − Total Invested) ÷ Total Invested × 100, with no regard for how long that took. A 30% gain over 10 years and a 30% gain over 2 years look identical under absolute return but are wildly different outcomes. XIRR converts the gain into an annualized rate so returns over different time horizons and different contribution patterns are actually comparable.
A negative XIRR means your investment's current value, adjusted for the timing of contributions, is below what you put in. This happens during market downturns or when you're evaluating an account partway through a recovery. It isn't necessarily permanent, markets tend to recover over longer horizons, but a persistently negative XIRR is worth a second look at your holdings rather than a reason to panic-sell.
A XIRR under roughly 4–5% barely keeps pace with long-run inflation. 6–9% is typical for a balanced or bond-heavy portfolio. US equity index funds have historically delivered XIRR in the 8–12% range over long holding periods with regular contributions, with individual years swinging far outside that band. A XIRR sustained above 10–12% over five-plus years is a strong outcome for a diversified equity-heavy portfolio.
IRR (Internal Rate of Return) assumes evenly spaced cash flows, annual or monthly periods, and works off period numbers rather than actual calendar dates. XIRR extends that same logic to real dates, which makes it accurate for real investments where contributions land on arbitrary days rather than a tidy schedule. For any practical portfolio analysis, XIRR is the version you want; the two converge to the same answer only when cash flows happen to be perfectly evenly spaced.
Add a row for each transaction: pick the date, enter the amount as a positive number, and set the type to 'Investment' for money going in or 'Return / Value' for money coming out or the current account value. Enter every contribution date and amount, then add a final row dated today with your current account balance as a 'Return / Value' entry. The calculator returns XIRR, total invested, current value, total gains, and absolute return instantly.
Yes, both have a built-in XIRR function: =XIRR(values, dates, [guess]), where values is a range of cash flows (negative for outflows, positive for inflows) and dates is the matching range of dates. The first cash flow must be negative and at least one must be positive. A spreadsheet works fine for a one-off calculation, but this calculator gives you the same answer instantly without setting up formulas.
Many brokerages and retirement platforms display a 'personal rate of return' or 'money-weighted return' that is calculated using the same XIRR methodology, it accounts for exactly when you contributed and withdrew money, not just the fund's published return. To cross-check that figure, enter every contribution, withdrawal, and the current balance into this calculator with matching dates. Small differences can arise from dividend reinvestment timing or rounding in how the platform reports figures.
Yes, XIRR is the fairest way to compare accounts with different contribution schedules. Log your 401(k) contribution dates and amounts as outflows and use the current account value as the final inflow to get a 401(k) XIRR. Do the same for a taxable brokerage account. Comparing the two XIRRs puts them on equal footing regardless of how the contribution timing or amounts differed between accounts.
XIRR is undefined if every cash flow has the same sign, because there's no rate that could make an all-outflow or all-inflow sequence net to zero present value, the math simply has no solution. Every valid XIRR calculation needs at least one investment (negative) and one return or ending value (positive). If your entries only include contributions, add a final row for the current account value before running the calculation.
Also known as
XIRRextended internal rate of returnmutual fund XIRRSIP XIRR calculatorinvestment XIRRXIRR formula