Federal income tax brackets are progressive: each bracket's rate applies only to the slice of taxable income within that band, not your entire income. Figures below are for tax year 2024. Calculate your exact liability with the Federal Income Tax Calculator.
Single Filers
| Rate | Taxable Income |
|---|---|
| 10% | $0 – $11,600 |
| 12% | $11,601 – $47,150 |
| 22% | $47,151 – $100,525 |
| 24% | $100,526 – $191,950 |
| 32% | $191,951 – $243,725 |
| 35% | $243,726 – $609,350 |
| 37% | Above $609,350 |
Married Filing Jointly
| Rate | Taxable Income |
|---|---|
| 10% | $0 – $23,200 |
| 12% | $23,201 – $94,300 |
| 22% | $94,301 – $201,050 |
| 24% | $201,051 – $383,900 |
| 32% | $383,901 – $487,450 |
| 35% | $487,451 – $731,200 |
| 37% | Above $731,200 |
Standard Deduction (2024)
| Filing Status | Standard Deduction |
|---|---|
| Single / Married Filing Separately | $14,600 |
| Married Filing Jointly | $29,200 |
| Head of Household | $21,900 |
Additional amounts apply for taxpayers 65 or older or legally blind: $1,550 per qualifying condition for single filers, $1,250 per qualifying condition for married filers.
Key Things to Know
- Brackets stack, they don't replace each other. A single filer with $80,000 in taxable income pays 10% on the first $11,600, 12% on the next $35,550, and 22% only on the remaining $31,250 — not 22% on the full $80,000.
- The top bracket isn't simply double for joint filers. Every bracket up to 35% doubles exactly for MFJ, but the 37% threshold is $731,200, well short of $609,350 doubled ($1,218,700).
- The standard deduction comes off before brackets apply. Taxable income, not gross income, is what these brackets are applied to — subtract your standard or itemized deduction first.
- These figures update annually. Confirm the current tax year's brackets before filing; the IRS publishes inflation-adjusted figures each fall for the following year.