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Chemical Name Calculator

Chemistry

Convert chemical formulas to IUPAC names and common names. Find the systematic name, compound type, and molar mass for 150+ inorganic and organic compounds.

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IUPAC Systematic Name

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Common / Trivial Name
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Compound Type
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Molar Mass
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This calculator computes your IUPAC Systematic Name, Common / Trivial Name, Compound Type, Molar Mass from the values you enter.

Inputs
Chemical Formula
Outputs
IUPAC Systematic NameCommon / Trivial NameCompound TypeMolar Mass

What is a Chemical Name?

The Chemical Name Calculator converts a chemical formula to its IUPAC systematic name, common/trivial name, compound type, and molar mass. Enter a formula such as NaCl, H2SO4, Fe2O3, Ca3(PO4)2, or C2H5OH and get the full IUPAC name and classification.

IUPAC nomenclature (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) provides the universal language of chemistry — a systematic naming system where each compound has exactly one unambiguous name. The database covers 150+ common inorganic and organic compounds including acids, bases, oxides, ionic salts, and simple organic molecules. For compounds not in the database, the calculator applies binary ionic and binary covalent naming rules from the IUPAC Red Book (inorganic) and Blue Book (organic).

For the complementary reverse direction (name → formula → molar mass), the Molar Mass Calculator computes molecular weight from a formula, and the Percent Composition Calculator gives the elemental mass percentage breakdown.

How to use this Chemical Name calculator

  1. Type the chemical formula exactly as written: capital letters for element symbols, subscripts as plain numbers (H2SO4, not H₂SO₄), parentheses for polyatomic groups (Ca3(PO4)2).
  2. The calculator checks the compound database first — 150+ common compounds with verified IUPAC and common names.
  3. If not in the database, IUPAC naming rules are applied: binary ionic, binary covalent, or polyatomic description.
  4. Read the IUPAC Name and Common Name — both are useful for different contexts.
  5. Use the Compound Type to understand the bonding: ionic (metal-nonmetal) vs covalent (nonmetal-nonmetal) vs acid vs base.
  6. Check the Molar Mass — cross-reference with the Molecular Weight Calculator for verification.

Formula & Methodology

IUPAC naming rules applied:

Binary ionic (metal + nonmetal):   Name = [metal cation name] + [nonmetal anion: stem + -ide]   Transition metals: include (oxidation state) in Roman numerals   Example: FeCl₃ = iron(III) chloride (Fe has +3 oxidation state)  Binary covalent (two nonmetals):   Name = [prefix][element₁] + [prefix][element₂ stem]-ide   Prefixes: mono=1(omit for first), di=2, tri=3, tetra=4, penta=5   Example: N₂O₅ = dinitrogen pentoxide  Oxoacids:   Parent anion → add H⁺:   -ate anion → -ic acid: SO₄²⁻ (sulfate) → H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid)   -ite anion → -ous acid: SO₃²⁻ (sulfite) → H₂SO₃ (sulfurous acid)   hypo-...-ite → hypo-...-ous acid: ClO⁻ (hypochlorite) → HClO (hypochlorous acid)   per-...-ate → per-...-ic acid: ClO₄⁻ (perchlorate) → HClO₄ (perchloric acid)  Molar mass:   M = Σ (atomic_mass_i × count_i) for all atoms in formula

Worked example — alum (potassium alum):

Formula: KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

Elements: K(1), Al(1), S(2), O(8 from SO4 + 12 from water), H(24), O(12 from water) Total O = 8 + 12 = 20 O atoms; Total H = 24 H atoms  IUPAC name: potassium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate Common name: alum Compound type: Alum (double salt hydrate)  M = 39.098 + 26.982 + 2×(32.065 + 4×15.999) + 12×18.015   = 39.098 + 26.982 + 2×96.061 + 216.180   = 474.382 g/mol

Potassium alum is produced in India at Nangal (GSFC), Maharashtra, and Assam — used as a mordant in textile dyeing (Surat silk, Banaras brocade), water purification in rural areas, and as an antiseptic (phitkari). India is one of the world's largest alum producers. The Molar Mass Calculator can verify this calculation by breaking down each element's contribution.

Frequently Asked Questions

IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) naming provides a unique, unambiguous systematic name for every chemical compound. Unlike common names (which vary by region and language), IUPAC names encode the compound's composition and structure: NaCl = sodium chloride; H₂SO₄ = sulfuric acid; CO₂ = carbon dioxide. The IUPAC system uses Latin or Greek element names, oxidation state indicators in parentheses for transition metals, and Greek prefixes (mono, di, tri) for covalent compounds. India's NCERT Class 11 and 12 chemistry textbooks follow IUPAC nomenclature exclusively, and IUPAC names are mandatory in pharmaceutical regulatory submissions (CDSCO, DCGI).
Type the chemical formula in the input field (e.g., NaCl, H2SO4, Ca3(PO4)2, Fe2O3, C2H5OH). The calculator searches a database of 150+ common compounds first, then applies IUPAC naming rules for compounds not in the database. It returns the IUPAC systematic name, the common/trivial name (if one exists), the compound type (binary ionic, binary covalent, acid, base, salt, etc.), and the molar mass calculated from atomic masses. Default: H2SO4 → sulfuric acid.
Binary ionic (metal + nonmetal): Name = cation name + anion name with '-ide' suffix. For transition metals, oxidation state in Roman numerals: FeCl₂ = iron(II) chloride; FeCl₃ = iron(III) chloride. No Greek prefixes. Binary covalent (two nonmetals): Name = Greek prefix + first element + Greek prefix + second element + '-ide'. Greek prefixes: mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca. Examples: CO = carbon monoxide; CO₂ = carbon dioxide; N₂O₄ = dinitrogen tetroxide; PCl₅ = phosphorus pentachloride. The prefix 'mono' is usually omitted for the first element (CO, not monocarbon oxide).
Binary acids (H + nonmetal, aqueous): hydro + (nonmetal stem) + ic acid. HCl(aq) = hydrochloric acid; HBr(aq) = hydrobromic acid; H₂S(aq) = hydrosulfuric acid. Ternary oxoacids (H + polyatomic anion containing O): Remove 'ate' or 'ite' from anion name, add 'ic' or 'ous' respectively. SO₄²⁻ = sulfate → H₂SO₄ = sulfuric acid. SO₃²⁻ = sulfite → H₂SO₃ = sulfurous acid. NO₃⁻ = nitrate → HNO₃ = nitric acid. NO₂⁻ = nitrite → HNO₂ = nitrous acid. PO₄³⁻ = phosphate → H₃PO₄ = phosphoric acid. Higher oxidation state: '-ic'; lower: '-ous'. Hypo-___-ous and per-___-ic for Cl series: HClO = hypochlorous; HClO₄ = perchloric.
Common/trade names for key Indian industrial chemicals: NaOH = caustic soda (used in soap, paper, aluminium production — Tata Chemicals, GHCL India). H₂SO₄ = oil of vitriol (Indian sulfuric acid production: Hindustan Copper, Rashtriya Chemicals). Na₂CO₃ = soda ash (GHCL Dhrangadhra = India's largest). NaHCO₃ = baking soda. CaO = quicklime (India 2nd largest limestone producer). Ca(OH)₂ = slaked lime. CaCO₃ = limestone (Rajasthan Lime and Chemicals). KNO₃ = saltpetre (historical Indian term for nitre). CuSO₄ = blue vitriol (commonly used in Bordeaux mixture for Indian vineyards and plantations — Maharashtra, Karnataka). These common names appear in Indian FSSAI, BIS, and CDSCO chemical regulatory documents alongside IUPAC names.
Hydrates are named as: anhydrous compound name + Greek prefix + 'hydrate'. CuSO₄·5H₂O = copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (blue vitriol). MgSO₄·7H₂O = magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (Epsom salt). Na₂SO₄·10H₂O = sodium sulfate decahydrate (Glauber's salt). CaSO₄·2H₂O = calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum). CaSO₄·½H₂O = calcium sulfate hemihydrate (plaster of Paris). FeSO₄·7H₂O = iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (green vitriol). In India, gypsum is extensively mined in Rajasthan (RSMML) and used in cement production (ACC, Ultratech). Plaster of Paris is consumed in construction and surgical uses.
Transition metals have variable oxidation states, so IUPAC names include the oxidation state in Roman numerals in parentheses: Iron: FeO = iron(II) oxide (wüstite); Fe₂O₃ = iron(III) oxide (haematite); Fe₃O₄ = iron(II,III) oxide (magnetite). Copper: CuO = copper(II) oxide; Cu₂O = copper(I) oxide. Lead: PbO = lead(II) oxide; PbO₂ = lead(IV) oxide. Mercury: HgCl₂ = mercury(II) chloride; Hg₂Cl₂ = mercury(I) chloride (mercurous chloride, calomel). The oxidation state equals the charge of the cation. Indian pharma API specifications (as per IP — Indian Pharmacopoeia) require IUPAC names with correct Roman numerals for transition metal salts.
Molecular formula: shows atoms and counts but not structure (e.g., C₂H₅OH). IUPAC name: systematically encodes structure and bonding (ethanol, not just 'C₂H₅OH'). The molecular formula is ambiguous — C₂H₆O refers to both ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) and dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃). IUPAC names distinguish these: ethanol vs methoxymethane. For simple inorganic compounds, the formula and IUPAC name map 1:1 (NaCl = sodium chloride — no ambiguity). For organic compounds with the same molecular formula (isomers), IUPAC names are essential for unambiguous identification. India's Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) requires the INN (International Non-proprietary Name, based on IUPAC) for all pharmaceutical API registrations.
Amphoteric compounds act as both acid and base. They are named by standard IUPAC rules — the amphoteric nature is not reflected in the name but is a chemical property. Key amphoteric compounds: Al₂O₃ = aluminium oxide (corundum/alumina) — reacts with both NaOH (→ NaAlO₂) and HCl (→ AlCl₃). Al(OH)₃ = aluminium hydroxide — dissolves in both acid and base. ZnO = zinc oxide (zinc white). ZnO is used as a skin antiseptic — India is a major ZnO producer (Hindustan Zinc Ltd, Rajasthan). ZnO reacts: ZnO + 2NaOH → Na₂ZnO₂ + H₂O (basic); ZnO + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂O (acidic). SiO₂ and SnO₂ also show amphoteric behaviour.
Everyday compound names: Table salt (NaCl) = sodium chloride. Baking soda (NaHCO₃) = sodium hydrogen carbonate. Washing soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O) = sodium carbonate decahydrate. Bleaching powder (Ca(OCl)Cl) = calcium hypochlorite chloride. Alum (KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O) = potassium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate. Potash (K₂CO₃) = potassium carbonate. Neem oil's active compound azadirachtin has an IUPAC name of 48+ characters. Turmeric's active compound curcumin = (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione. Indian household chemical brands use both: Harpic (HCl basis), Lizol (benzalkonium chloride), Colin (isopropyl alcohol + detergent).
Salts with polyatomic ions are named: cation name + polyatomic anion name. Key polyatomic anions: SO₄²⁻ = sulfate, SO₃²⁻ = sulfite, NO₃⁻ = nitrate, NO₂⁻ = nitrite, CO₃²⁻ = carbonate, PO₄³⁻ = phosphate, OH⁻ = hydroxide, CN⁻ = cyanide, MnO₄⁻ = permanganate, CrO₄²⁻ = chromate, Cr₂O₇²⁻ = dichromate, C₂H₃O₂⁻ = acetate. Examples: Na₂SO₄ = sodium sulfate; Ca₃(PO₄)₂ = calcium phosphate; KMnO₄ = potassium permanganate. India's Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) requires polyatomic ion salts to use the full IUPAC name (e.g., 'ferrous sulfate' is deprecated; 'iron(II) sulfate' is mandated in drug submissions).